VAT Calculator
Add VAT to a net amount or remove it from a gross price. Works at the standard 20%, reduced 5%, zero rate, or any custom percentage.
Frequently asked questions
What are the UK VAT rates?
The UK has three VAT rates. The standard rate is 20%, which applies to most goods and services. The reduced rate of 5% applies to items such as domestic fuel and power, children's car seats, and some energy-saving materials. The zero rate (0%) applies to most food, children's clothing, books, newspapers, and public transport.
How do I add VAT to a price?
To add 20% VAT to a net amount, multiply by 1.20. For the reduced 5% rate, multiply by 1.05. This calculator does that automatically — enter the net amount, choose the rate, and it shows you the VAT element and the gross (VAT-inclusive) price.
How do I remove VAT from a gross price?
To extract the VAT from a gross (VAT-inclusive) price, divide by 1.20 to get the net, then subtract the net from the gross to get the VAT element. For the 5% rate, divide by 1.05. Use the 'Remove VAT from gross' mode in this calculator.
When do I need to register for VAT?
You must register for VAT when your taxable turnover exceeds the VAT registration threshold (£90,000 in 2026/27) in any rolling 12-month period. You can also register voluntarily if your turnover is below the threshold, which lets you reclaim input VAT on business purchases.